كَفَّارَة
Expiation for Broken Obligations
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Kaffārah (كَفَّارَة — "expiation" or "atonement") is a prescribed penalty in Islamic law for specific violations of religious obligations. It serves as both spiritual purification and charity.
Unlike fidya (which compensates for inability to fast), kaffārah is required when you deliberately violate an obligation — such as intentionally breaking a Ramadan fast or breaking a sworn oath.
The type and severity of kaffārah depends on what was violated, and the specific requirements differ between schools of thought.